What are the differences between diamond cuts? Types of diamond cuts

Diamond cuts have a profound impact on the appearance, value, and perception of all jewelry featuring this extraordinary stone. The way a diamond is cut influences its brilliance, proportions, and how it reflects light. While many people primarily focus on carat weight or color, it's the cut that determines the visual impact we see at first glance. So how can you consciously choose a diamond cut that not only catches the eye but also reflects your personality or the emotions you want to express?

A diamond's cut is the technical term for the way a rough stone has been cut and polished to achieve a specific shape and light effect. Every cut diamond has facets—small planes that allow light to be dispersed in a way that creates a characteristic "sparkle." A properly executed cut can bring out the full potential of even a diamond of average color or clarity. This is why, in jewelry, cut is considered one of the most important factors influencing the perception of a stone. In practice, different types of diamond cuts differ not only in shape but also in the number and arrangement of facets. This, in turn, directly translates to how the diamond will look in a ring, necklace, or earrings. The choice of cut should be dictated by both aesthetic preferences and the personality of the wearer. Knowing the basic cut types allows for a better understanding of what makes one stone sparkle more intensely than another.

The cut is crucial to how intensely a diamond will reflect light. A poorly executed cut can "lock" light within the stone, causing it to lose its characteristic brilliance and appear dull or "dimmed." On the other hand, a well-designed cut gives even a smaller stone a visual boost of volume and brilliance. This is why experts pay attention not only to weight and color, but above all to the cutting and polishing method. A diamond's cut is assessed in gemological certificates, where the quality of workmanship can significantly impact the stone's market value. Even a heavier diamond can be less striking if its proportions are off. Those seeking jewelry with a high degree of brilliance should choose stones with a "Excellent" or "Very Good" cut rating. A high-quality cut makes jewelry stunning not only for special occasions but also every day.

A raw diamond is a natural mineral mined from the earth. Before being cut, it resembles an opaque, lusterless crystal. Although its chemical structure is identical to a gemstone, it does not yet possess its aesthetic character. Only after proper cutting and polishing does it become a fully functional piece of jewelry. A cut diamond is the result of a complex process designed to bring out the beauty and maximum brilliance of the natural material. Depending on the cut used, the same raw stone can take on a completely different character. A brilliant cut imparts classic brilliance and depth, while an emerald cut emphasizes clarity and serenity. Therefore, it's important to remember that when choosing finished jewelry, you're choosing not only the raw material but also the work of a craftsman who determined how to cut the diamond to reveal its full potential.

Diamond cuts are divided into many types, each with its unique form and aesthetic purpose. Choosing the right cut can influence not only the overall appearance of the jewelry but also its symbolic meaning and emotional impact. Cuts are designed to maximize light, visually enlarge the stone, or imbue it with a distinctive style. Below, we present the most recognizable cuts, which are popular in jewelry and fashion. Contemporary cuts are often inspired by traditional shapes that have evolved alongside cutting techniques. Each can be interpreted as an expression of the wearer's personality or taste. Therefore, it's worth taking a closer look at each type and understanding what sets them apart from others. From brilliant to marquise, each cut tells its own story and aligns with a specific style.

The brilliant cut diamond is the most well-known and prized in jewelry. It typically consists of 57 or 58 facets, arranged to maximize light reflection. This creates a striking effect, creating the impression of "dancing" reflections with every movement. The brilliant cut is considered a symbol of timeless elegance, which is why it is often chosen for engagement rings and special occasion jewelry. It is also the cut that best conceals minor imperfections and allows the stone to fully unleash its average clarity. The brilliant cut diamond is popular not only among classic connoisseurs but also in modern designs that combine tradition with innovation. Its versatility makes it suitable for a variety of occasions, styles, and personality types.

The princess cut is distinguished by its square or slightly rectangular shape, with sharp corners and numerous facets on the stone's base. It is the second most popular cut after the brilliant, especially among those who appreciate modern and expressive forms. This type of cut allows for a strong luminous effect while maintaining clear lines and a geometric structure. It is an excellent choice for lovers of expressive style and minimalist beauty. The princess cut pairs well with simple wedding rings and modern jewelry with sharp contours. In smaller stones, this shape can add visual volume and brilliance without increasing the carat weight. When choosing this cut, it's important to ensure the corners of the setting are adequately protected – this ensures durability and safety for everyday use.

The emerald cut is characterized by a rectangular shape with graduated facets arranged in parallel stripes. The visual effect is more subtle than that of a brilliant cut, yet it captivates with its elegance and tranquil depth. This type of cut works best with high-purity stones, as the structure doesn't hide imperfections; in fact, it highlights them. This cut is chosen by those who value classic style, clarity, and refined form. Jewelry featuring an emerald-cut diamond often evokes the luxury of the Art Deco style, where simplicity goes hand in hand with refined taste. Stones with this cut look perfect in engagement rings and prestigious necklaces. Their geometric shape creates a harmonious and timeless look—an ideal choice for those seeking elegance without excess.

The cushion cut combines the characteristics of a brilliant cut with square cuts, offering rounded corners and a soft, cushion-like shape. It's a perfect choice for those who appreciate classic style with a touch of romance and nostalgia. This type of diamond cut has been gaining popularity among vintage style enthusiasts and in jewelry inspired by the Victorian era for years. This cut creates beautiful light reflections while maintaining a harmonious, eye-pleasing form. Cushion-cut stones are often chosen for engagement rings with a retro or glamorous style. Their shape complements both simple and more ornate settings, allowing for considerable design flexibility. It's worth noting that, thanks to its softness and optical magnification, this cut is perfect for jewelry intended as gifts for romantic souls.

The oval cut is a perfect choice for those seeking a compromise between tradition and subtle originality. Its elongated shape with rounded edges lends the diamond elegance and visual lightness. This cut can visually lengthen the fingers and add a slender touch to the hand, making it a popular choice for engagement rings. Its symmetrical shape diffuses light beautifully, creating a subtle sparkle. Oval cuts also look good in everyday jewelry, especially in classic white or rose gold settings. They are chosen by those who want something a bit more unusual than a classic diamond while still retaining the timeless character of the piece. Their versatility makes them suitable for a variety of styles, from minimalist to romantic.

The pear cut combines the characteristics of round and oval cuts, creating a shape reminiscent of a teardrop or a water drop. This diamond shape looks particularly striking in rings, earrings, and necklaces, drawing attention with its unusual shape. The pear cut allows for strong light reflections, and its asymmetrical contour adds a unique touch to the stone. It is often chosen by those seeking something original, yet subtle and elegant. In engagement jewelry, this cut can symbolize tears of emotion or purity of feelings, thus carrying a strong emotional significance. It pairs well with halo-style settings or side stones, which enhance the visual impact. This cut is for women who want to express their individuality and emotional depth by choosing a stone with a unique appearance.

The heart cut is one of the most symbolic and emotional diamond cuts. Its shape expresses love, romance, and deep feelings, making it a popular choice for gifts for anniversaries, Valentine's Day, or weddings. Although technically more challenging to create, a well-cut heart-shaped diamond can delight with its balance, symmetry, and intense sparkle. It's a perfect choice for those who aren't afraid to express their feelings through jewelry. This cut is most often found in pendants and rings, particularly in romantic collections. To be striking, it requires a carefully selected setting that highlights its contours and protects it from damage. This is a choice for those who value the emotional significance of the stone and treat jewelry as more than just decoration—a form of personal expression.

The marquise cut, also known as the navette, is characterized by an elongated shape with sharp points. It was created in the 18th century at the request of Louis XV, who wanted the stone to resemble the smile of his lover. Today, this cut is associated with luxury, originality, and sophistication. Thanks to its shape, it visually elongates the fingers and adds expressiveness to the jewelry. It perfectly diffuses light, creating a spectacular shimmering effect. The marquise cut is less common than other classic cuts, making it a great choice for those who like to stand out from the crowd. It works not only in rings but also in brooches and decorative necklaces. It's important to pay attention to the setting, which should protect the stone's sharp points from mechanical damage.

Old diamond cuts, such as the rose cut or old European cut, possess a unique charm and historical appeal. They differ from modern cuts in their fewer facets and less precise geometry, giving the stones a softer, more subtle sparkle. Jewelry featuring these diamonds often dates back to the Victorian, Edwardian, or Art Deco eras, making them highly collectible. For lovers of antiques and jewelry with soul, old cuts are a true treasure. They are often found in engagement rings passed down through generations. Their imperfections are perceived as a distinctive element, adding authenticity and emotional depth to the jewelry. They are a choice for those who value history, uniqueness, and the symbolic meaning of form.

Choosing the right diamond cut can reflect not only aesthetic preferences but also the personality traits of the wearer. For many people, jewelry is more than just decoration—it's an emotional carrier, a talisman, and even a form of self-expression. Therefore, it's crucial to analyze diamond cuts based on their symbolism, message, and suitability for a specific person or occasion. This can give the stone an even deeper, more personal meaning. Cuts can accentuate romance, minimalism, modernity, or classic style. When giving gifts, such as for engagements, birthdays, or anniversaries, it's worth choosing a cut that will hold special meaning for the recipient. In the following paragraphs, you'll find tips that will help you make an informed choice of the right cut, one that suits their personality and the occasion.

A brilliant cut is often chosen by those with classic taste who value timeless elegance and harmony. This choice demonstrates a commitment to proven values and a love of tradition. Bold and creative individuals, on the other hand, may prefer pear, marquise, or princess cuts—shapes that attract attention and are unique. Lovers of art and retro style readily embrace old diamond cuts, viewing them as a vehicle for history and unique character. It's worth remembering that every shape has its own meaning and can express emotions or personal beliefs. Romantics often gravitate toward heart or cushion cuts, which evoke delicacy and emotionality. Those who prefer simplicity and elegance, on the other hand, choose emerald or oval cuts, which exude calm and clarity.

When choosing jewelry as a gift, it's worth considering both the recipient's taste and the symbolism of the cut. A brilliant cut is a safe choice for those who value elegance and classic style, especially if you're unsure of your loved one's preferences. A heart cut expresses feelings without words and is an excellent choice for Valentine's Day or an anniversary. A marquise cut, on the other hand, can be a tribute to someone with a strong, independent character. If you're looking for a unique gift, consider antique diamond cuts, which not only attract attention but also convey emotional depth. A princess cut is also a good idea for someone who appreciates modern forms and geometric lines. Matching the cut to the personality and occasion will make the gift even more meaningful and memorable.

When it comes to engagement jewelry, the cut plays a huge role, as it largely determines the first impression. The brilliant-cut diamond remains the most popular option, combining elegance with clarity and presenting beautifully in a classic setting. The cushion cut is also popular in engagement rings, especially in designs inspired by vintage or retro glamour. For engaged couples seeking something less conventional, princess, oval, or emerald cuts are excellent choices. It's important to consider the shape of the hand and lifestyle when choosing a cut – active individuals may need a setting that protects the stone well, while cuts with sharp edges, such as marquise or princess, should be protected with appropriate frames. A well-chosen cut will not only be a beautiful symbol but also a comfortable everyday accessory.

Comfort, durability, and subtlety are key in everyday jewelry, so choosing a cut should also consider practical aspects. Brilliant or oval cuts are safe options that not only sparkle beautifully but are also easy to pair with everyday outfits. Oval and round shapes are less likely to catch on clothing and are resistant to accidental damage, making them perfect for everyday rings and earrings. For those who value simplicity yet uniqueness, an emerald cut can be an attractive alternative—it doesn't dominate the look but adds sophistication. It's worth avoiding more demanding cuts like marquise or pear if you're unsure whether the jewelry will be worn with due care. Matching the cut to your everyday lifestyle guarantees comfort and durability.

The process of diamond cutting is a blend of art, science, and precision, requiring years of experience and specialized tools. Each cut diamond undergoes stages of planning, cutting, polishing, and quality control. The precision of these processes determines the final result—the brilliance, proportions, and durability of the stone. Understanding the technical aspects of cutting can help you better understand why certain cuts are more prized and how they influence the final appearance of the jewelry. Different cuts require different techniques and degrees of sophistication. Despite its popularity, the brilliant cut is one of the most difficult to create due to the large number of facets and the need for perfect symmetry. Old cuts, on the other hand, were created in times when technology was limited, and therefore are characterized by greater manual imperfections, making them unique. It's worth understanding these differences to better understand the value and exceptionality of individual stones.

Diamond cutting begins with a thorough analysis of the rough stone—a specialist assesses its structure, internal flaws, and possible cutting directions. Based on this, a plan is created that maximizes visual impact with minimal material waste. The cutting process is performed using diamond blades or lasers, allowing for highly precise shaping. The stone is then polished to achieve a smooth surface and the appropriate number of facets. Finally, the diamond is submitted to quality control, where the proportions, symmetry, and overall appearance of the cut are assessed. In the case of certified stones, such as those offered by renowned brands, this process is carried out in accordance with international standards, such as GIA. This ensures the customer is choosing a top-quality product, with a full technical description and a cut evaluation. It is the quality of the cut that determines how long the jewelry will delight the eye with its lasting brilliance.

Hand-cutting diamonds is a process requiring immense skill, patience, and expertise. Every move the cutter makes must be precise, as the slightest oversight can permanently damage the stone. Hand-cut diamonds often have a more individual character—subtle differences in facets give them a unique charm and often greater collectible value. This is the choice for those who value craftsmanship and authenticity in jewelry. Machine-cutting, on the other hand, relies on advanced technology that achieves near-perfect symmetry and repeatability. This allows for the creation of large batches of jewelry of consistent quality and appearance. These types of cuts are more affordable and suitable for classic jewelry. Each method has its advantages, and the choice between them depends on whether you value technical precision or unique, hand-crafted craftsmanship.

Not every diamond cut allows for equally efficient use of raw material. Despite its popularity, the brilliant cut generates relatively large amounts of material because it requires shaping and proportioning the stone. This makes it more expensive, especially for larger carats. However, cuts such as oval, cushion, or marquise allow for better retention of the stone's mass, making them a more economical option without sacrificing visual impact. For those interested in jewelry with larger stones at a reasonable price, these cuts are worth considering. Choosing the right cut not only saves money but also allows for a larger diamond surface area for the same weight. In the context of shopping, this translates to more brilliance and volume for the same price, which can be important when choosing an engagement ring or anniversary gift.

The decision to choose a specific cut should take into account not only aesthetics but also technical and practical aspects. It's crucial that the stone is proportionate, properly cut, and well-suited to the setting. Different types of diamond cuts affect the appearance, brilliance, and durability of the jewelry, so it's important to understand the basic evaluation criteria. This will help you make an informed decision that will be both visually and functionally satisfying. When choosing, it's also worth seeking the advice of a jeweler or reviewing the stone's certificate, which confirms the quality of the cut. A well-chosen diamond not only looks beautiful but also increases in value over time. Here's what to pay special attention to when purchasing diamond jewelry.

Cut proportions are the ratio of the stone's depth, width, and height, which influence how light passes through the diamond. A cut that's too shallow or too deep can cause a loss of brilliance and the appearance of a "dark spot" within the stone. Symmetry refers to the even distribution of facets, and a disruption in this symmetry can negatively impact the diamond's aesthetics and perception. Quality of workmanship is also evident in the details—sharp edges, precise polishing, and overall visual appeal. It's worth familiarizing yourself with the "cut" grade in the stone's certificate—on a scale from Poor to Excellent—which directly relates to the quality of the cut. A diamond with a high grade will sparkle intensely, even with a lower weight or color. By choosing jewelry with such a stone, you can be sure that it will delight for years to come—both visually and symbolically.

Some cuts better conceal a stone's imperfections, while others enhance its clarity and color. A brilliant cut scatters light so effectively that it can hide minor imperfections and lower color quality. An emerald cut, on the other hand, exposes the stone's interior, making it best suited for very pure and bright diamonds. For those choosing stones with higher color grades, cuts with larger, flatter facets may be a better choice. Cushion and oval cuts create a soft light effect, which enhances the stone's color and shine. If you're looking for an intense sparkle, consider a princess or marquise cut. Each cut highlights different characteristics, so it's important to match it not only to your personal taste but also to the quality of the diamond you're choosing. This awareness allows you to make a choice that is both aesthetically pleasing and economically sound.

A certificate is a document issued by an independent gemological laboratory that confirms a diamond's technical parameters, including cut quality. The most renowned institutions, such as GIA and IGI, use precise grading standards to ensure the accuracy of the information. The certificate includes, among other things, a description of the proportions, number of facets, symmetry, and polish, as well as an overall cut grade on a quality scale. This is an extremely useful tool, especially for first-time buyers. With a certificate, you can be sure you're buying a cut diamond with its true value and parameters consistent with its description. It's always worth asking for such a document when purchasing gemstone jewelry—it guarantees quality and can be helpful when reselling or insuring the jewelry. Knowing the certificate's contents is a key element of an informed purchase, providing comfort and confidence in your choice. Different diamond cuts offer something for everyone—from classic to modern, from romantic to minimalist. Knowing the characteristics of individual cuts allows you to choose jewelry that meets not only your aesthetic expectations but also your emotional needs. A cut diamond can be an expression of love, character, and lifestyle—and the right cut will ensure it remains just as delightful for years to come. If you'd like to better understand which diamond cut best suits you or a loved one, visit our blog for more inspiration. Also, check out the current collections available at Marko.pl—you'll find unique designs with various cuts that combine quality, symbolism, and beauty. Choose the one that best conveys your message.

1. Why are round (brilliant cut) diamonds more expensive than other shapes?
   A round cut requires a lot of raw material and precision, making it more expensive to produce.
   
   
2. Which diamond cut produces the greatest brilliance and intense light?
   A brilliant (round) cut diamond offers the greatest brilliance thanks to its 57-58 facets.
   
   
3. Which diamond cuts visually emphasize the largest mass of the stone?
   Oval, marquise, and pear cuts appear larger than other shapes of the same mass.
   
   
4. Why don't laboratories like GIA evaluate the cut quality of irregular (fancy) shapes?
   GIA doesn't use the classic "cut" grading for fancy shapes, due to a different method of assessing proportions.
   
   
5. Which cuts are more economical in terms of raw material usage?
   Step cuts, such as emerald or Asscher, result in less material loss than brilliant cuts.
   
   
6. How do you tell which diamond cut looks best?
   Proportions, symmetry, and polish quality influence brilliance—choose a diamond with the highest cut rating.
   
   
7. Is every brilliant-cut diamond truly a brilliant?
   Every brilliant is a brilliant-cut diamond, but not every cut diamond is considered a brilliant—the terminology can be confusing.
   
   
8. How do you distinguish a diamond's shape from its cut quality?
   Shape refers to its external shape (e.g., heart, pear), while cut refers to its proportions, facets, and symmetry.
   
   
9. Which diamond shape is most popular for engagement rings?
   The round brilliant cut is the most popular, accounting for over three-quarters of stones sold in this segment.
   
   
10. What diamond shapes, besides the brilliant, are commonly used?
    The most common include: emerald, princess, cushion, oval, pear, heart, marquise, radiant, and baguette.